Qualitative Analysis of Chemical Components and Tissue Distribution in Xiakucao (Prunella Vulgaris L.) Based on UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS

Author：ZHANG Jianwei1, ZHANG Can1,2, HUA Jiekai1, ZHUANG Junrong1, LIU Wei1, SHEN Jie1

Unit：1.Third Grade Laboratory of TCM Preparations, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; 2.College of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China

Quote：引用：张建伟，张灿，华杰凯，庄俊嵘，刘伟，沈杰.基于UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS定性分析夏枯草中化学成分和体内分布[J].中医药导报,2025,31(8):72-78.

DOI：10.13862/j.cn43-1446/r.2025.08.012

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Abstract：

Objective: The chemical composition and their migrationinto blood and tissues of Xiakucao (Prunella vulgaris L.) was identified and analyzed with UPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS. Methods: An ACQUITY UPLCR BEH C18 chromatography column (2.1 mm×100.0 mm, 1.7 μm) was employed. Gradient elution was carried out with methanol (A) and  0.1% formic acid aqueous solution (B) as the mobile phase. The column temperature was set to 40 ℃, with a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min and an injection volume of 5 μL. Data were collected using an electric spray ion source (ESI) for positive and negative ions. By comparing with reference standards, self-established databases, and literature, the compounds and their in vivo distribution of Xiakucao (Prunella vulgaris L.) were analyzed. Results: A total of 63 compounds were identified from Xiakucao (Prunella vulgaris L.), including 11 flavonoids, 3 terpenes, 37 phenolic acids, 6 fatty acids, and 6 other compounds. The tissue distribution analysis showed that 20, 13, 18, 14, 24, 16, and 33 compounds were absorbed into the serum, heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and colon, respectively. Conclusion: This study systematically and comprehensively analyzed the chemical components and their tissue distribution of Xiakucao (Prunella vulgaris L.). Salicylic acid, dihydrocaffeic acid, protocatechuic aldehyde, oleanic acid, ferulic acid, quinic acid, protocatechuic acid, cinnamic acid, esculetin, rosmarinic acid, and hyperoside absorbed into the blood may be the main active ingredients in Xiakucao (Prunella vulgaris L.).

Key words：Xiakucao (Prunella vulgaris L.); qualitative identification; composition of ingredients; distribution in vivo

摘要：目的：采用UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS技术对夏枯草中的物质基础及其移行入血和组织的情况进行鉴定分析。方法：色谱柱为ACQUITY UPLCR BEH C18（2.1 mm×100.0 mm，1.7 μm），以甲醇（A）-0.1%甲酸水（B）为流动相，梯度洗脱，柱温为40 ℃，流速为0.3 mL/min，进样量为5 μL。通过电喷雾离子源正负离子同时扫描。根据采集的化合物数据结合对照品、自建数据库和文献，分析夏枯草中的化学成分及其组织分布情况。结果：夏枯草中共鉴定出63个化合物，包括黄酮类11个，萜类3个，酚酸类37个，脂肪酸类6个和其他类6个，分别在血清、心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、结肠中检测到原型化合物20、13、18、14、24、16、33个。结论：鉴定了夏枯草的化学成分和体内分布情况，其中水杨酸、二氢咖啡酸、原儿茶醛、齐墩果酸、阿魏酸、奎宁酸、原儿茶酸、肉桂酸、秦皮乙素、迷迭香酸和金丝桃苷等吸收入血的成分可能是夏枯草的主要活性成分。

关键词：夏枯草；定性鉴定；成分组成；体内分布

Release time：2026-01-06

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