Research Progress on the Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating Influenza

Author：HU Yinxing1, ZHANG Xuanguo2, SONG Wei1, LI Huimi1, CHEN Guitian1

Unit：1.Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang Shanxi 712046, China; 2.Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an Shanxi 710000, China

Quote：引用：胡印星，张选国，宋维，李辉密，陈桂钿.中医药治疗流行性感冒的机制研究进展[J].中医药导报,2025,31(10):89-96.

DOI：10.13862/j.cn43-1446/r.2025.10.016

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Abstract：

This article reviews the research progress on the mechanisms of TCM in treating influenza, focusing on single herbs, active TCM components, compound prescriptions, and proprietary Chinese medicines. The findings suggest that TCM primarily exerts therapeutic effects by targeting key signaling pathways, including the toll-like receptor (TLRs)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway, NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain 3 (NLRP3)/Caspase-1 pathway, Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) pathway, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, transcription factor EB (TFEB) pathway, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. Through these pathways, TCM inhibits inflammation, suppresses viral replication, reduces oxidative stress, prevents apoptosis, and modulates autophagy to combat influenza. This review aims to provide a theoretical foundation for clinical efficacy and serve as a reference for drug development.

Key words：influenza; traditional Chinese medicine; mechanism of action; review

摘要：从单味中药、中药活性成分、中药复方及中成药等方面综述中医药治疗流行性感冒（简称“流感”）的机制研究进展，认为其主要围绕Toll样受体（TLRs）/核转录因子κB（NF-κB）信号通路、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）信号通路、Janus激酶（JAK）/信号转导和转录激活因子（STAT）信号通路、NOD样受体热蛋白结构域3（NLRP3）/半胱氨酸蛋白酶-1（Caspase-1）信号通路、肿瘤坏死因子受体超家族成员6（Fas）/Fas配体（FasL）通路、磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶（PI3K）/蛋白激酶B（Akt）信号通路、哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白（mTOR）信号通路、转录因子EB（TFEB）信号通路、核因子E2相关因子2（Nrf2）信号通路，发挥抑制炎症、抑制病毒复制、抗氧化应激、抗细胞凋亡和调节自噬的作用以治疗流感，旨在为临床提供理论依据，同时为药物研发提供参考。

关键词：流感；中医药；作用机制；综述

Release time：2026-01-08

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